v
What
Non-Profits say about the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh's
TRFN:
"We'd
been slow to come to technology. We just weren't up to speed
before we found TRFN."
"We
don't have adequate resources and we're spread thin."
"We
had the feeling that everyone but us had a web site."
v
v
Non-Profits
on Life Before TRFN:
"We'd
been slow to come to technology. We just weren't up to speed
before we found TRFN."
"We
don't have adequate resources and we're spread thin."
"We
had the feeling that everyone but us had a web site."
v
How
Non-Profits Describe TRFN's Role in Pittsburgh:
"The
Free-Net is the single greatest access opportunity for minorities
and the poor to bridge the 'digital divide.'"
"TRFN
brings a greater sense of community to Pittsburgh."
v
v
Comments
on TRFN's Staff:
"The
staff are very responsive."
"I
can always call back for technical assistance when I get stuck."
"We
can go at our own pace."
"They
are not condescending; they don't talk down."
v
v
How
TRFN Training Impacts Individuals:
"I
warmed up to the learning."
"I
literally spend hours learning and I want to do more."
"People
are impressed with what I can do as an 'old geezer.'"
"I
gained confidence."
v
v
What
Organizations Gain from Working with TRFN:
"We
have experienced more camaraderie with other organizations."
"TRFN
has helped us gain an incredible visibility."
"TRFN
helped our constituents understand the value of the Internet."
"It has provided opportunities for partnering."
v
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Three
Rivers Free-Net: Free to the People
by Michael Jourdan, Joan C. Durrance, Karen
Scheuerer, and Karen Pettigrew
Introduction
"Free to the People" is something of a mantra for the librarians
at the Carnegie Library
of Pittsburgh (CLP). This phrase, originally spoken by
Andrew Carnegie, the library's founder, is the first thing
you see as you approach the stone facade of CLP's main branch.
The ideals of community, public service, and access that the
words imply are ones that all public librarians strive to
achieve. Therefore, it is hardly surprising that the Three
Rivers Free-Net (TRFN), an electronic community network
funded by the CLP, housed at the main library, and run by
librarians would take these words to heart. In August of 1999,
our research team visited TRFN and talked with its staff members
as well as its library and community partners. In that time,
Carnegie's words came up repeatedly, spoken by librarians,
TRFN staff, and members of non-profit groups. One non-profit
staffer, citing Carnegie, stated matter-of-factly, "The 'free'
part of the Free-Net is important." TRFN represents a powerful
model of a community network built upon public library principles.
What follows are our team's impressions of this noteworthy
library-community network partnership.
History
and Philosophy
The Free-Net was born in the mid-1990s through a LSCA (the
predecessor to IMLS) grant awarded to the CLP. Today, TRFN
is funded entirely though the CLP's budget, which pays the
salaries of three on-site staff members as well as a
part-time systems administrator who works off-site. Susan
Holmes, the project manager for TRFN, has been a librarian
for a number of years and uses the skills for organization
and community building that she honed on the library floor.
Maureen Pollard, TRFN's Community Network Specialist oversees
training initiatives. Meanwhile, Automation Librarian Cathy
Chaparro is responsible for maintaining TRFN's Subject Guide
and addressing technical issues.
On
the web site, TRFN's mission is described as facilitating
"the collection, organization and dissemination of Pittsburgh
regional information in a public space." Its constituents
include any potential user of the site in southwestern Pennsylvania,
as well as all locally-based non-profit and governmental agencies.
TRFN serves the population at large in many ways, perhaps
most importantly by providing access to information on thousands
of regional (as well as valuable national and international)
non-profit organizations. Likewise, the Free-Net serves local
agencies by making it easier for the public, volunteers, and
funders to find information about them. TRFN does this by
carefully organizing links to resources on its web site and
by offering server space and web site training to non-profit
organizations. Many of TRFN's services are provided at no
cost.
To the top
An
Alternate Geography
When Pittsburgh residents describe their home, the term "provincial"
is likely to come up. In this, Pittsburgh is a product of
its geography. Many of the characteristics that make Pittsburgh
a scenic place--its three rivers, its many neighborhoods built
upon rolling hills--are also those that tend to separate municipalities
from each other. This results in a patchwork of towns and
boroughs that oftentimes do not communicate well with each
other or collaborate on programs. In fact, there are 130 municipalities
in Allegheny County--TRFN's home county--alone. Ironically,
despite (or perhaps because of) the tendency towards "provincialism,"
the non-profit network in Pittsburgh is extensive--there are
over 3000 health and human service organizations in the area--and
tightly knit. Area non-profits are very much interested in
working together to solve problems and TRFN works to build
connections between Pittsburgh's many dispersed resources
so that they can make things happen.
Author
Paul Bowles once wrote that "the only effort worth making
is the one it takes to learn the geography of one's own nature."
In a sense, by working to link in cyberspace non-profits that
don't easily meet in real space, TRFN does just that; it creates
an internal geography to counter Pittsburgh's segmented physical
geography. In this goal, TRFN is supported by its relationship
with the Electronic Information
Network for Public Libraries in Allegheny County (EIN),
which is working to build an "electronic network [that] will
provide libraries in the county with cost-effective access
to an electronic tool that enhances library planning,
management, communication, and resource building and creates
an electronically integrated library system."
TRFN
builds a virtual community in part through the thoughtful
construction of its web site. When you give a passing glance
to the TRFN subject
guide, which outlines the structure of the site, you see
an arrangement quite similar to Yahoo's homepage or the hundreds
of Yahoo copyists on the Net.
However,
upon closer examination you find that, instead of the somewhat
haphazard structure of Yahoo!, TRFN is built with a
librarian's eye for organization. The site is divided into
20 carefully considered subject areas, ranging from Cultural
Activities to Employment to Social Services. These, in turn,
lead to more detailed subcategories and, ultimately, to specific
resources in the Pittsburgh area and elsewhere. Organizations
that can fit under more than one category are cross-referenced
to give users as many logical points of access as possible.
Not only does this make it easier for TRFN users to find what
they are looking for, it also helps unify Pittsburgh's non-profit
community. Groups interested in, say, adoption can find like-minded
groups categorized on the same page. In addition, agencies
who have yet to build a presence on the Internet can look
to TRFN's subject pages for inspiration.
The
TRFN Subject Guide is one in a series of CLP guides that are
designed to make information more accessible for area residents.
To
the top
Teaching
and Preaching
While providing access to agency information for the Pittsburgh
community is an impressive accomplishment in itself, the staff
at TRFN feels that serving as a passive portal to these
resources is insufficient. Their definition of "access" is
more broad. It requires that TRFN take active steps to assure
non-profit and government agencies are able to reach out to
the community. Because they recognize that many non-profit
organizations operate on a shoestring and are therefore not
likely to have a surplus of resources (funds and staff) to
devote to creating web pages, TRFN hosts agency pages on its
own server. This is no small commitment. Not only does TRFN
provide non-profits (which the Free Net staff refer to as
"information providers," or IPs) with server space and one
free email account per group, they also offer training
classes on setting up an effective page, using HTML and
email, and more. Because many non-profit agencies don't have
access to the latest equipment or technical advice, this level
of training is essential to TRFN's mission. The trainers at
TRFN receive consistently high marks from the IPs they serve.
IPs
are required to participate in an account class, which covers
how to connect with TRFN, basic UNIX commands, text editing,
email, and File Transfer Protocol. A second optional course
focuses on HTML. In addition, the Free-Net offers an open
lab where IPs can work on the content and design of their
pages and turn to TRFN staff members as needed for advice
and technical assistance. While teaching is the primary
order of the day for TRFN's trainers, they also take the sessions
as an opportunity to do some low-key "preaching" as well.
For example, oftentimes agency staff who attend the classes
are not entirely sold on the idea of a web page. (They may
have been "sent" by an enthusiastic board member.) In these
situations, the trainers work to sell the notion of a site
as a means of local, state, national, and international exposure.
In addition, trainers encourage new IPs to link with related
agencies--with an emphasis on those in southwestern Pennsylvania--both
to serve users and to support sister organizations. Because
non-profit groups are in the business of helping people, this
idea is readily embraced. As one non-profit staff member put
it, "In the non-profit community, we want to help each other
out, so we should provide links to related organizations whenever
appropriate."
New
software on the horizon will allow non-profits to easily build
their own websites with much less training. At that
point, the challenge to TRFN staff will be how to continue
to instill in community non-profits that the success of virtual
community lies at least in part in the linkages that non-profits
themselves make to other IPs. In other words, while TRFN's
teaching role may lessen over time, the "preaching" component
will still be needed.
Lists,
At Your Service
TRFN uses listservs
as another method of building relationships among IPs.
All IPs are required to sign up for the Information Provider
listserv, which the Free-Net describes as a tool that "enables
the TRFN staff to communicate with ALL of the TRFN Information
Providers and for the Information Providers to ask questions
of us and each other." In addition, IPs are encouraged to
participate in the Non-profit Organizations Mailing List,
which is intended to "promote the flow of information among
Southwestern Pennsylvania non-profit organizations." Meanwhile,
the TRFN Technical Issues list is "dedicated to the discussion
of technical issues related to TRFN…among interested TRFN
Information Providers, TRFN volunteers and TRFN staff."
To
the top
Success
Stories
During our Pittsburgh visit, we spoke with a variety of Information
Providers and many explained how their collaboration with
TRFN strengthened their organization and assisted their clientele.
A common thread that ran through many of the stories we heard
was the impact of technology. Technology was never described
as an end in itself but rather as a means of reaching out
to the community. Here are a handful of success stories:
-
The Allegheny County
Health Department (ACHD) is a newcomer to TRFN. Its
site provides information on health topics--from Air Quality
to Workplace Hazards--that are of interest to the region.
County risk levels and prevention methods are discussed,
agency plans for addressing problems are considered, and
links to related resources are provided. In our interview
with Mary Jones and Dave Piposar from ACHD, they praised
TRFN's efforts--in conjunction with EIN--to make information
accessible to underserved communities via library computers:
"TRFN is the single greatest opportunity of access for minorities."
In addition, they noted the Health Department's partnership
with the Free-Net was a natural because "neither is out
to make a profit or take advantage and both are their to
bring more information to the community."
-
Dave Noble is the director of the Radio
Information Service (RIS), which broadcasts readings
from newspapers, magazines, and books for the visually impaired.
While RIS currently broadcasts over FM radio, they have
started to make their programs available on demand via Real
Audio streaming on their TRFN web page. Noble sees this
technology as a way to give "blind drivers a lane on the
information superhighway." TRFN also serves RIS' clientele
by requiring that all of its web pages are designed to be
easily accessible for the visually impaired.
-
Mike Bookser, the chief of the Bellevue
Police Department feels that TRFN is a tool for making
government more responsive and approachable. He hopes that,
by giving people the opportunity to interact with the department
anonymously online, they will be more likely to turn to
it for answers. Bookser also praised TRFN's trainers for
tailoring a training session to suit his experience. His
experiences with the Free Net have been so positive that
he encouraged other organizations--including the Borough
of Bellevue, St.
Cyril School, and Mothers
Against Drunk Driving--to sign up as Information Providers.
-
The Three Rivers
Center for Independent Living (TRCIL) strives to "empower
people with disabilities to live self-directed, productive,
and personally-meaningful lives in a self-determined setting."
Leila Rao of TRCIL was particularly proud of the online
version of the Access Guide to Pittsburgh which appears
on their TRFN-sponsored page. The guide offers information
on access to parking, buildings, restrooms, telephones,
water fountains, etc. provided by local businesses to persons
with disabilities. Rao also noted that funding was offered
to her organization by a foundation that "discovered" TRCIL's
web page on TRFN.
What makes TRFN Unique?
As paradoxical as it seems, the aspects of TRFN that make
it distinctive in the world of electronic community networking
are the ones that it shares in common with its counterpart
in the brick-and-mortar world: the public library. (Of course,
considering that TRFN is a department of the Carnegie Library
of Pittsburgh, the resemblance is hardly surprising.) While
the profile above mentioned several library-oriented characteristics
of TRFN, a few bear repeating:
-
Like the CLP, TRFN has a local focus while still linking
to the larger world.
-
Both, true to Andrew Carnegie's wishes, offer most of their
services free of charge. Their decisions are not colored
by a profit motive.
-
The Free Net and the library it is a part of both have traditions
of public service.
-
Each is dedicated to reaching out to underserved groups.
Access is of paramount importance.
Everyone Has a Library Story
Libraries impact the lives of all community residents in manifold
ways. As Herb Elish, the director of the Carnegie Library
puts it, "Everyone has a library story." TRFN is an important
part of that story in Pittsburgh. Other noteworthy community-building
programs offered by the library include its Foundation
Center and Job
and Career Education Center. For more information on the
Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
and its Three Rivers Free-Net,
please refer to their web pages.
top
© University
of Michigan & University of Washington, 2002
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